Battery Types
Lithium Battery Types
Classification of lithium batteries
they can be divided into ordinary energy storage capacity type and power rate type according to the usage scenarios of lithium batteries. The power rate type has the characteristics of high density and high power output. Power-rate batteries have grown with the advent of electric hybrid vehicles. It requires the battery to store high kinetic energy, can be applied to the distance of pure electric vehicles, and also has good output power characteristics, and enters the hybrid mode of gasoline and electricity in low power consumption mode. Like the 18650 cylindrical power battery, it can be divided into 3C rate and 5C rate, which means that its own discharge current can reach 3 times and 5 times its own capacity. The discharge rate of high-quality 3C batteries produced by some manufacturers can even reach 5C, and the 5C rate can reach 8C. The energy storage type has the characteristics of high density and large capacity, and is generally used in electrical equipment that does not require high discharge current. The difference between them is in discharge current and capacity.
Lithium-ion lithium batteries (Li-ion) and lithium polymer batteries (Li-PO). The raw material of lithium ion battery is electrolyte (liquid or colloid); the raw material of polymer lithium battery is electrolyte, including polymer electrolyte (solid or colloidal) and organic electrolyte
At present, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, ternary (lithium nickel cobalt manganate), lithium iron phosphate, etc. have been used as positive electrodes. Negative active materials mainly include graphitized carbon materials, amorphous carbon materials, nitrides, silicon-based materials, new alloys and other materials. Minor components: do not directly participate in the electrode reaction, but can improve the electrical conductivity and processing performance of the battery, mainly including current collectors, adhesives and conductive agents.
Cylindrical, soft pack, square. Cylindrical and square outer packaging is often made of aluminum or aluminum. The outer packaging of the soft pack is an aluminum plastic film. The shape of the soft pack battery is not fixed like the cylindrical and square batteries, and can be customized according to the needs. The soft pack battery is also called a polymer lithium battery. The specification of a cylindrical lithium-ion battery consists of five digits, the first two being the diameter and the middle two being the height (length). The last 0 represents a cylindrical shape, and the unit is millimeters. For example, the 18650 lithium-ion battery is 18 mm in diameter and 65 mm in height, a cylindrical battery
Common Applications of Lithium Batteries
(1) Digital/daily use: Mainly used in various digital products, such as mobile phones, tablets, notebook computers, electric toys, power banks, model aircraft, etc. Tools for daily use, such as car keys, bright flashlights, built-in lithium light tubes, built-in lithium battery portable refrigerators, etc.
(2) Power: mainly used in electric vehicles, such as electric bicycles, electric scooters, golf carts, new energy cars, new energy buses, etc.
(3) Energy storage: It is mainly used in base station, UPS, off-grid power energy storage, household energy storage system, etc.
Why Lithium Batteries
1. High energy ratio: Lithium battery storage density is high, which has reached 460–600Wh/kg.
2. Long life: Whether it is a ternary lithium battery or a lithium iron phosphate battery, the number of charging times can reach 1,000 to 20 times, and the highest record is 10,000 times.
3. High single voltage: The ternary lithium battery is 3.7 volts, and the lithium iron phosphate battery is 3.2 volts, which is equivalent to more than 2 times the ordinary 5 battery, which is equivalent to about 3 times the nickel -metalized charging battery.
4. Undertaking high power high: Lithium iron phosphate lithium batteries have a power charging capacity of 15-30C, which is conducive to accelerating automobiles.
5. Low self -discharge: This is one of the important advantages of lithium batteries. Generally, self -discharge is less than 1%a month.
6. Light weight: In the same volume, the weight is 1/5–1/6 of the lead-acid battery.
7. Strong ability to adapt to the environment: The advantages of ternary lithium batteries are more prominent in this area and can be used in -20-60 degrees. If special process processing, minimum can be used in an environment of -45 degrees.
8. Green environmental protection: Lithium batteries do not contain harmful metals and elements such as lead, mercury, cadmium, etc., and will not cause pollution to the environment.
